This is a very novel work since it demonstrates, for the first time in human beings, the statistically significant reduction in the nephrons' number in kidneys from children who had low birth weight (LBW) regarding the group control of children with normal birth weight (NBW) which had only been previously demonstrated in rats. Also, it includes another result regarding the inverse ratio between glomeruli's number and volume. It provides the explanation of the existent ratio between LBW and high blood pressure (lbp) in mature age, only known by means of clinical - epidemic studies.

The research’s strictness was acknowledged in the World Nephrology, official organ of the International Society of Nephrology, where this new knowledge appeared in an article form in the Volume 58 corresponding to the year 2000. The result has also been validated by the Center of National Reference of Pathological Anatomy of Cuba, which belongs to the Clinical-Surgical Hospital "Hermanos Ameijeiras".

It is a contribution in order to know the causes of "essential" or "idiopathic" high blood pressure, and the existent relationship among events which do not occur in the initial stages of life and the chronic non-transmissible diseases that are generally expressed in mature age, particularly the cardiovascular diseases.

Its academic value was recognized recently in the Congress of the American Society of Nephrology (October 2000) when it was publicly mentioned by the most important international expert in this topic, as appears in one of the references. The practical application of the results will allow improving even more the actions for preventing high blood pressure and its heart and renal sequels, with evident social and economic impact when improving the quality of life of Cuban people and diminishing the medical care costs and sick persons' rehabilitation. It should be highlighted that histometry in this study was carried out through the application of a Cuban computer product, the system of computarized measuring DIGIPAT created and marketed by EICISOFT.